村落传统体育文化的传承与发展——基于茂名市鳌头镇传统武术的田野调查与思考

The Heritage and Development of Traditional Sports Culture in Villages——A Field Study and Reflection Based on the Traditional Martial Arts in the Town of Aotou,Maoming

运用田野调查法、文献资料法,对茂名市茂南区鳌头镇的官地、飞马、北淦村的传统武术开展情况进行调查。结论:鳌头镇传统武术与茂名其他地方的传统武术一样有着悠久的历史、良好的群众基础、较高的运动技术水平;鳌头镇传统武术以洪拳流传最为广泛,其他功夫也各有所传;传播形式以村中武馆师傅带徒弟的形式为主;利用节假日、各种庆典开展武术展演、比赛活动。文章对发展鳌头镇传统武术提出了加强保护力度,制定并实施对传统武术的非物质文化遗产项目的申报、命名、表彰,传承人认定工作等建议。

The investigation into the development of traditional martial arts in the villages of Guandi,Feima and Beigan in Maonan District of Maoming is conducted through methods of field study,literature,and questionnaire survey.The author draws the following conclusions：1）the traditional martial arts in Aotou,as in other places,are very popular and have a long history and a higher level of sports techniques;2）Hongquan is the most popular traditional martial art in this town.Some other kunfu also develop here;3）The main transmission form is for masters to train apprentices in the village of Martial club;4）Martial Arts contests are often held in holidays and celebrations.To protect and promote the development of traditional martial arts in this town,some suggestions are offered here：formulation and implementation of the traditional martial arts as intangible cultural heritage project should be claimed,named,and praised properly and the successors should be affirmed.