论评价的心理机制——兼论情感和认知的内在关系

Psychological Mechanism for Evaluation:The Inner Relationship between Emotion and Cognition

王智认为,人有两种不同的心理评价手段,一是情感的评价,一是认识的或理智的评价。两者皆可以独立地发挥评价的作用,二者之间的差异是"各有所长",可以在解决评价问题时"互相补充"。作者对王智的理论主张从理论依据上以及现实生活评价活动的发生与发展上加以分析评价,认为评价活动从其发展之初,就是由情感与认识活动的协同活动来实现的,根本不存在人生之初时的单独情感评价的阶段。以后评价活动的发展,也会在两方的协同作用下得以实现。在此分析探讨的基础上,作者得出了评价活动永远是情感与认知协同作用下实现的结论,否定了把情感与理智当做两种独立评价手段的主张。此外,还进一步提出了情感和认知关系的观点,认为二者之间任何一方的活动和作用都不可能离开对方的影响的结论。

In this paper,we attempt a review of Wang Zhi＇s viewpoints on the psychological mecha nism for evaluation,and put forward our own ideas on this issue. According to Wang,there are two types of psychological mechanism for making evaluation,namely the emotional one and the cognitive or rational one,which play independent roles in making evaluation. The fact,however,is that these two mechanisms both have their own advantages and can complement each other during making evaluation.Through analyzing Wang＇s theory in terms of theoretical basis and evaluation in real life and its devel opment,we argue that when making evaluation a person＇s emotion and cognition interact with each oth er rather than working independently. Therefore,the subsequent development of evaluation will be re alized by the cooperation between these two psychological mechanisms. On this basis,we conclude that evaluation is always realized by the cooperation between emotion and cognition,which are not two independent evaluation mechanisms. In addition,we propose that the inner relationship between emo tion and cognition should be like this：they are interrelated and mutually affected.