钱塘江流域水质性水短缺与水安全战略研究——基于灰色水足迹核算分析

The Study on Water Resources Scarcity for Pollution and Water Security of Qian-tang River Basin from Grey Water Footprint

水质性水短缺是钱塘江流域21世纪可持续发展面临的最大挑战,灰色水足迹为水质性水短缺提供分析思路。研究表明,钱塘江沿江四大城市2012年灰色水足迹为1326.47×108m3,是当年水资源总量的2.13倍;工业污染是灰色水足迹的主要来源,其平均贡献率为78%;累积灰色水足迹是钱塘江水质性水短缺的直接原因。应从水资源管理战略、水环境生态补偿、健全环境管制以及管理模式四大方面应对水安全问题。

The water resources scarcity for pollution is one of the most serious Chanllenges that Qian-tang river basin sustainable development is facing, this paper use grey water footprint as the method to analyze. The results show that：（1） Grey water footprint of for city of Qian-tang River Basin in 2012 is 132.647 billion m^3/a, about 2. 13 times that of the total amount of water resources in the same year.（2） Industrial sector has the largest grey water footprint, about 78% that of the total amount of water resources in the same year. The grey water footprint is much higher than the amount of water resources, leading to accumulation of pollutants in the water bodies. The grey water footprint should be controlled in order to solve water resources scarcity from the aspects of water resource management, water environment compensaion, environmental regulation and management mode.