全球可持续发展报告:背景、进展与有关建议

Global Sustainable Development Report: Background,Progresses and Recommendations

启动"全球可持续发展报告"(GSDR)编写进程是"里约+20"峰会达成的重要成果之一,受到了国际社会的广泛关注。目前,国际社会已经在报告的总体定位、核心议题、框架结构和编写周期等方面初步达成一致,但在GSDR与SDGs/Post-MDGs的关系、应采用的组织模式以及是否需要相应编写国家可持续发展报告等问题上仍存在较大分歧。本文基于中国视角,对GSDR编写进程提出了若干建议:1报告应定位在"基于科学、面向决策"的评估报告;2以SDGs/Post-MDGs确定的优先领域为核心;3努力研究提出"数目不多、易于量化、具有普适性"的可持续发展综合评估指标体系;4建立全球可持续发展报告国际专家工作组;5鼓励各国根据国情编写"国家可持续发展报告";6把可持续发展报告与高级别政治论坛有机结合。文章还就中国如何参与GSDR进程提出了若干建议:1在SDGs/Post-MDGs框架下根据国情研究提出面向2030年的中长期国家可持续发展目标;2围绕实施国家可持续发展目标,启动相应的进展评估工作并定期编写国家可持续发展报告;3组织中国科学家积极参与GSDR编写进程。

Formulating global sustainable development report （GSDR） is one of important processes initiated by Rio ＋ 20, which has received considerable worldwide attention. At present, the international community has made preliminary consensus on the orientation, key focuses, framework and periodicity of GSDR, but there still has great divergences on the relationship between GSDR and SDGs/ Post-MDGs, how to organize writing process, and if a national sustainable development report is needed or not. The paper reviewed the process of GSDR and put forward some recommendations on it from Chinese perspective： ①the report should be science-based and policymaking-oriented; ②to take priority issues contained in SDGs/Post-MDGs as the core; ③to make ＂number limited, easy to quantify, and universal＂ sustainable development comprehensive evaluation indexes; ④ to establish a working group of international experts to global sustainable development report;⑤to encourage countries, according to the national conditions, to formulate ＂national sustainable development report＂ ; and ⑥ to integrate GSDR with High-Level Political Forum （HLPF）. The article also gave some recommendations on how China to participate in GSDR process： ①to make China＇ s middle and long-term national sustainable development goals （CSDGs） for 2030 according to China＇ s national circumstances under the framework of the SDGs/Post-MDGs ; ②to initiate corresponding progress assessment of CSDGs and compiling regular national sustainable development report; and ③to encourage Chinese scientists actively to participate in the process of GSDR.