孟子环境美学思想初探

A Study on Environmental Aesthetic Thoughts of Mencius

作为儒家体系的建立者,孟子的思想并未得到充分的重视,而其环境美学思想,更需要人们的探索挖掘。本文从孟子对自然之美、宫室之美的看法入手,认为孟子已经意识到了环境美的存在;进而分析环境美的实现,一方面需要在客体方面注重保护自然,不过度索取资源,妥善处理人与动物之间的关系,从而保存客体的审美潜能,另一方面还需要在主体方面,以儒家的仁爱提高人的修养,关爱他人,从而保存主体的审美需要。最终,审美主体与客体的融合交汇,才能真正实现环境之美。

As the founder of the system of Confucian philosophy, Mencius＇ theory doesn＇t get full attention and his environmental aesthetics also needs exploration. This paper starts with the views of Mencius on the beauty of nature and palace and points out that Mencius had already realized the existence of environmental beauty. Then it holds that the realization of environmental beauty relies on the following factors： people need to protect nature and to use resources moderately, and the relationship between the people and animals need to be handled properly. In this way, the aesthetic potentiality of objects can be reserved; on the other hand, people must sincerely engage in self-cultivation with kindheartedness of confucianists and love others, thus, the aesthetic needs of subjects can be reserved. Finally, environmental beauty can be truly achieved by the merging of aesthetic subjects and objects.