不同水分条件与揭膜时期对关中地区夏玉米根系生长的影响

Effects of Water Levels and Uncovering Plastic Film Periods on the Root Growth of Summer Maize in Guanzhong Region

基于盆栽试验,应用主成分分析法综合评价根系生长状况,并分析了不同水分条件和揭膜时期下干物质累积量、产量和水分利用效率的变化。结果表明,相同水分条件下,抽雄期揭膜处理下干物质累积量、产量、水分利用效率以及在促进根系生长、增强根系活性方面,均优于拔节期揭膜处理和全生育期覆膜处理。揭膜时期相同时,高水处理促根作用优于低水处理;高水处理下干物质累积量和籽粒产量均显著大于低水处理。高水条件下,在夏玉米抽雄期进行揭膜处理,根系生长状况的综合主成分最高,作物干物质累积量、产量和水分利用率也最佳。

Pot experiments were carried out to evaluate the root growth using the principle component analysis method and analyze the changes of the dry matter accumulation, yield and water use efficiency under different treatments of soil water contents and uncovering plastic film periods. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation, yield, water use efficiency, the root growth and root activity under the treatment of uncovering plastic film at tasseling stage were all the best at the same soil water content compared to treatments of uncovering plastic film at jointing stage and mulching plastic film. The improvement of root under high soil water content was superior to that under low soil water content, meanwhile, the dry matter accumulation and yield were both higher than those under low soil water content at the same stage of uncovering plastic film. When uncovering plastic film at tasseling stage with high soil water content, comprehensive root index, dry matter accumulation, yield and water use efficiency were all the best.