北宋末年翰林书艺局与时政关系考论

A Study of Relationship between the Imperial Academy Calligraphy Council and Politics at the end of North Song Dynasty

翰林书艺局是宋代翰林院所属机构,掌以书记、笔墨、琴棋等供奉内廷,由宋初建制的翰林御书院改制而成。在北宋末年,尤其是宋徽宗时期,翰林书艺局因当时政治的腐败而发生了质变,由最初的书法功能转变成个别权贵操纵下的敛财和牟利机构。特别是梁师成主政期间,书艺局与时政的关系极其密切。梁师成借书艺局笼络门生故吏以扩大权势,时称"隐相";借书艺局干预朝政、扰乱科举取士制度;通过大肆敛财使得书艺局成了"市井游手无赖之辈"的杂居之所,在财政上亦成为了国家的负担。最终,在昏乱的政局下书艺局与北宋王朝一道走向了灭亡。

As a department of imperial academy in Song dynasty, Calligraphy Council is for the count service of the historic records, calligraphy, music and chess, which evolved from the Hanlin Imperial College in the early of Song dynasty. In the end of Song dynasty, especially in the Huizong period, Calligraphy Council had a qualitative change because of political corruption. It originally simply fulfilled its function of calligraphy, but later changed to rake in cash and profit - making organization. Especially during Liang sicheng＇s administration, a close relationship between Calligraphy Council and politics. Liang shicheng took disciples and old officials to expand power, interfere with politics, and disrupt the imperial examination system, which made it became the country＇s financial burden. Eventually, Council calligraphy Council and the Northern Song Dynasty went to the end in the turbulent political situation.