上海村镇住宅用能习惯与热舒适度调研

Survey and Analysis of Thermal Comfort and User Behavior on Energy Consumption of Domestic Building in Shanghai Villages

通过对上海地区村镇住宅的用能现状和室内热舒适度调研,探索上海农村住宅的用能结构和冬、夏季冷热感受。从用能现状中可以发现,目前,村镇住宅的保温隔热性能远低于现行节能设计标准;用能模式方面,住户经济收入的高低将成为决定用能模式的主要因素,电和天然气的消费趋势增长明显。经调研统计,用能支出中平均年用电6kWh/m2,折合电价约为5.3元/m2,而年用气支出为3.2元/m2。根据舒适度调研的结果,结合统计学分析方法的回归分析,得到上海地区村民冬、夏季的热期望温度为11.25℃和28.32℃,而目前实测所得的冬、夏季室内平均温度为5.7℃和31℃,均与期望值有不小差距。

With the survey of indoor thermal comfort and energy consumption behavior in Shanghai villages, this research aims to investigate the energy consumption structure and thermal comfort in winter and summer. On the aspect of the energy consumption, it was found that the thermal insulation ability of current domestic buildings in village were far below the existing energy saving design standard. As to energy use behavior, economic income gradually became a major factor on energy using behavior, and the consumption trend of electricity and natural gas was expanding obviously. As the result shown, annually6 kWh/m^2 of electricity is consumed, which is 5.3 Yuan/m^2 if converted, and annually payment on natural gas was 3.2 Yuan/m^2. According to the result of comfort survey with the approach of regression analysis, the expected temperature in winter and summer are 11.25℃and 28.32℃, which are in a certain extent, different with the measured values of indoor air temperatures.