对严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑节能设计新标准的几点认识

Some Ideas on New Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Severe Cold and Cold Zones

节能设计始于理解标准、终于符合标准。只有对标准认识充分,理解透彻,才能掌握、运用和执行标准。建筑设计包含节能设计,是专业性很强的系统工作,在建筑方案设计阶段,就应统一考虑节能设计问题。从适用范围和托幼建筑、室内外温度参数、窗墙面积比、体形系数、耗热量指标、围护结构热工性能参数限值、遮阳系数、凸窗、权衡判断与附加条件等几个方面,阐述了对节能设计新标准的认识和理解。

Building energy efficiency design begins with understanding standards, finishes up with meeting standards. A standard can be mastered, used and implemented only by understanding the standard fully and thoroughly. Building designs, including energy efficiency design, is a professional work, and thus energy efficiency design should be considered at conceptual design stage. Some ideas on the new design standard for energy efficiency are summarized from such aspects as scope of application, kindergarten building, indoor and outdoor temperature parameters, area ratio of window to wall, shape coefficient, heat consumption index, limit of building envelope thermal performance parameters, shading coefficient, bay windows, building envelope trade-off option and additional conditions.