2012年广州市黄埔区吸毒人群艾滋病、梅毒知信行及感染状况调查

Survey on the Knowledge,Attitude,and Practice towards AIDS and Syphilis and the Prevalence of AIDS and Syphilis Infection Among Drug Users,Huangpu District,Guangzhou City,2012

目的了解广州市黄埔区吸毒人群艾滋病、梅毒知识、态度和高危行为及感染状况,为制订吸毒人群艾滋病、梅毒预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法 2012年9~12月采用同伴推动抽样法抽取广州市黄埔区社区吸毒人员进行艾滋病、梅毒相关知识、态度、行为的问卷调查,并采血检测艾滋病、梅毒抗体。结果共调查402人,吸毒人群以男性、40~49岁、无业、初中文化程度、未婚为主。艾滋病、梅毒知识总体知晓率为64.18%,不同年龄、职业、文化程度间知晓率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。吸毒者对艾滋病、梅毒的三大传播途径有一定程度认知,对非传播途径知晓率较低。知道艾滋病、梅毒自愿咨询检测的占59.95%,愿意做检测的占70.90%,认为自已感染艾滋病、梅毒危险性高的占40.30%。曾经静脉注射吸毒的占55.47%,其中共用过注射器的占37.67%。最近一年与配偶或同居者发生过性行为的占63.18%,其中每次用安全套的占15.35%,最近1年发生过商业性行为的占22.64%,其中每次使用安全套的占25.27%。艾滋病抗体阳性率0.26%、梅毒抗体阳性率2.35%。结论黄埔区吸毒人群艾滋病、梅毒知识知晓率较低,态度不够重视,高危行为普遍存在,艾滋病、梅毒仍处于较低的流行水平,应加强吸毒人群艾滋病、梅毒防治工作,防止疾病在吸毒人群中传播和向普通人群传播。

Objective To understand the status of HIV/AIDS and syphilis related knowledge,attitude,and practice（KAP）and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and syphilis infection among drug users in Huangpu district,Guangzhou city,so as to provide basis for strategies of prevention and control of AIDS and syphilis among the population. Methods Respondent-driven sampling was used as a method for recruiting drug users in the communities of Huangpu district,in september-December,2012.A questionnaire survey including their KAP towards HIV/AIDS and syphilis was conducted among the drug users,meanwhile,blood samples were collected and detected for HIV and syphilis infection. Results A total of 402 drug users were recruited from communities in Huangpu district,most of whom were males,aged 40-49 years old,unemployed,with primary and secondary education qualifications,and unmarried.Findings showed that,of all 402 respondents,the awareness rate of knowledge of HIV/AIDS and syphilis was 64.18%,the difference being significant（P〈0.05）among different ages,occupational and educational background groups.The majority of respondents had the awareness and knowledge of the three main routes of HIV and syphilis transmission,however,levels of awareness and knowledge regarding the non-transmission routes were low.About 59.95% of the respondents were aware of Voluntary Counseling and Testing（VCT）for HIV/AIDS and syphilis,70.90% were willing to seek VCT service,and 40.30%considered themselves at high risk of HIV and syphilis infection.For drug abuse,55.47%reported intravenous drug use,and37.67% shared syringe with others.In the past year,63.18% had sex with their spouse or de facto partner,15.35% of whom used condom consistently.Furthermore,during the past year,22.64% had underground commercial sex,25.27% of whom had protected sex.Approximately 0.26% and 2.34% of the drug users were found HIV and syphilis positive respectively. Conclusion The levels of awareness and knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS and syphilis are low among drug users in Huangpu district.The drug-abusing population is still involved in HIV/AIDS/syphilis-related high-risk behaviors,nonetheless,they have a relatively low population prevalence of HIV/AIDS and syphilis.Overall,it is necessary to make the appropriate intervention measures to properly control the transmitting of HIV/AIDS and syphilis from the high-risk group to the normal population.