国内文献报道的疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis on Vaccine-associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis Reported in the Literature in China

目的为了解国内文献报道的疫苗相关麻痹型脊髓灰质炎病例（Vaccine-associated paralytice poliomyelitis,VAPP）发病情况及流行病学特征,探讨VAPP发生的危险因素,为预防接种人员提供接种依据,同时为疑似预防接种异常反应专家组诊断提供参考。方法采用描述流行病学方法对国内文献报道的1980~2012年发生的188例VAPP进行分析。结果发病年龄以≤6月龄为主,占病例总数的66.4%,男女比为3∶1,首次服苗病例数为再次服苗的3.24倍,病毒分型以Ⅱ型为主。结论在我国维持无脊灰阶段,减少VAPP发生成为消灭脊灰的重要内容之一,应引起高度重视。

Objective To understand the occurrence and the epidemiological characteristic of the VAPP reported in China,and explore risk factors of VAPP occurred,so as to provide basis for vaccination staff,and provide a reference for Experts Group of AEFI. Methods A total of 188 VAPP cases reported in China during 1980-2012 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiological study method. Results The age of onset was mainly under 6months（66.4%）,male to female ratio was 3∶1,the number of taking the first dose of vaccine was 3.24 times as that of taking the second dose of vaccine.Virus typing was mainly type II. Conclusion At polio-free stage,elimination of VAPP is important,close attention should be paid to it.