相变溶剂吸收CO_2研究进展

Progress in CO_2 Capture Using Phase-changing Solvents

二氧化碳捕集是应对全球变暖的有效途径,溶剂吸收法是目前最为成熟的二氧化碳燃烧后捕集技术,但过高的二氧化碳解吸能耗是限制其进一步推广的瓶颈。相变溶剂吸收CO2由于有再生能耗低的优点,受到了越来越多研究者的关注。综述了有机胺溶剂吸收CO2的反应机理,并介绍了传统溶剂吸收CO2的装置和吸收CO2的各种方法。重点阐述了热致相变溶剂吸收CO2的热力学计算方法、临界溶解温度、热致相变原理和其溶剂选择标准,在此基础上,综述了热致相变溶剂的研究现状。最后概述了近年来国内外其他相变溶剂吸收CO2的研究进展。

CO2 capture is an effective way to deal with global warming,and solvent absorption method is the most mature technology at present for the post-combustion capture of CO2,but high energy consumption of CO2 desorption process will limit its application in the future.Because phase-changing solvents need low regeneration energy for CO2 desorption process,which is a wonderful advantage,more and more researchers begin to pay attention to these solvents.Reaction mechanism of amine with CO2 is reviewed,absorption apparatus and methods for CO2 absorption using traditional solvents are introduced.The method of thermodynamic calculation,critical solution temperature,principle of thermomorphic phase change and criteria for solvents selection are summarized.Based on this,the research progress of thermomorphic biphasic solvents of CO2 absorption is reviewed.In addition,other at home and abroad phase-changing solvents for CO2 absorption in recent years are also outlined.