公众对湿地价值和保护的认知类型与差异——基于辽宁大洼县的调查

Public's cognitive type and difference of the wetland value and wetland protection: Based on the investigation of Dawa country in Liaoning province

基于辽宁大洼县的实地调查数据的统计分析分析表明:公众对湿地价值的认知分为四种类型:生态调节导向型、生计发展导向型、发展旅游导向型和净化环境导向型;对湿地保护的认知也分为四种类型:合作发展导向型、宣传教育导向型、经济参与导向型和法制监管导向型。从性别、年龄、文化程度和公众类别等4个维度分别进行独立样本T检验或单因素方差分析。结果显示:公众自身特点及与湿地关系紧密度的不同导致他们对湿地价值及保护的认知存在显著性差异。推动湿地保护工作,必须加强公众之间和交流和合作;重视社区居民的生计问题和拓宽他们的收入途径;尊重社区文化和发挥文化资源价值;完善相关法律法规和乡规民约,并加强执法力度和监管。

Based on the investigation in Dawa county, this paper found that the public＇s cognitive of the wetland value was classified into four types which included ecology-regulation-oriented, livelihood-development-oriented, tourism- development-oriented and environment-purification-oriented; the public＇s cognitive of the wetland protection was also classified into four types which consisted of cooperative-development-oriented, publicity-and-education-oriented, economics-participation-oriented and legal-supervision-oriented. Then, it made an independent-samples T test or variance analysis from 4 dimensions： gender, age, culture degree and public category. The results showed that the public＇s characteristics and the difference of relationship with the wetland led to the significant differences in the cognition of the wetland value and protection. In order to promote the protection for wetland, the public should strengthen the exchanges and cooperation with each other, the government should think highly of the community residents＇ livelihood and widen their income approach, respect the community culture and value, perfect the relevant laws and village rules matters as well as strengthen the law enforcement and supervision.