SAVSTMV波束形成算法研究

Research on SAVSTMV beamforming algorithm

矢量阵常规波束形成(Vector array Conventional Beam Forming,VCBF)能够消除普通单线阵左右舷模糊现象,但VCBF波束宽度受到"瑞利限"的限制,不能分辨同一波束内的多个目标。矢量阵导向最小方差(Vector array STeered Minimum Variance,VSTMV)波束形成算法是一种宽带自适应波束形成算法,具有高分辨力和抗干扰性能。VSTMV波束形成直接在阵元域进行,计算量较大且稳健性差,不利于实时实现和应用。提出一种分子阵VSTMV波束形成算法(Sub-Array Vector array Steered Minimum Variance,SAVSTMV),可有效降低计算量,算法稳健性更强。通过理论研究和仿真计算,证明该算法比矢量阵常规波束形成算法具有更好的性能,有利于实际应用。

Conventional vector array beamforming （VCBF） is able to solve the notorious port-starboard （PS） ambiguity problem of the ordinary single linear array. But, the beamwidth of VCBF is restricted by Rayleigh limit, VCBF can not distinguish the multi-targets in the same beam. Vector array steered minimum variance （VSTMV） beamforming is a wideband adaptive beamforming method with high-resolution and anti-jamming capability. However, the VSTMV beamforming implemented in the element-domain causes heavy computational load and low robustness, so it is not suitable for real-time implementation and application in sonar engineering. In this paper, an algorithm of VSTMV beamforming implemented in the sub-array domain （called SAVSTMV beamforming） is proposed, with which the computational load can be reduced and the robustness improved. The better performance of SAVSTMV beamforming over VCBF is proved through theoretical analysis and simulation calculation, which makes the proposed algorithm suitable for practical applications.