全球视野下数字货币带来的反洗钱困境及对策——以比特币为例

Plight and countermeasures against moneylaundering brought by digital currency under global vision A Case Study of Bitcoin

近年来,以数字货币为媒介和手段的犯罪案件频发且涉案金额巨大。尽管各国执法机构不断颁发各种法律法规对此进行防范,但由于数字货币相较于传统货币具有特有的易用性、匿名性等多种特性,使其极难被发现,即使发现也难以收缴控制。文章从数字货币的概念入手,阐明了其与电子货币和虚拟货币的关系;以多种数字货币为实例,分析了其不同于传统货币的独有特性;并以此为基础,从警务实战角度出发,归纳总结了警察在侦查案件时需要注意的几点问题。

In recent years, cirmes by the media and means of digital currency were frequent and involved a huge amount of money. Although the national law enforcement agencies continue to issue a variety of laws and regulations to prevent this, but due to the features of easily-used and anonymity, the digital currencies are extremely difficult to be found, and to be collected and controled. The paper started from the concept of digital currency to clarify its relationship with the electronic currency and virtual currency; took a variety of digital currencies as examples to analyze the unique characteristics different from the traditional currency; and on this basis, from the police combat perspective,summarized several issues that the police should pay attention in the investigation of cases.