寻衅滋事罪对散布“虚假信息”行为的规制

Regulations on the Action of Spreading the False Information in Offence of Defiance and Affray

《关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》将网络虚假言论纳入寻衅滋事罪进行规制颇受争议。具体而言,对寻衅滋事罪的信任感、信息网络化时代罪刑法定原则的理解,以及对言论自由的认识上的差异构成了寻衅滋事罪认定的观念障碍,在运用本解释的过程中,对"虚假信息"、"公共场所"的理解则存在较大的分歧。事实上,寻衅滋事罪自身的明确性,罪刑法定原则在网络时代的自我救赎,以及对言论相对自由的坚持,能够消除解释适用中的观念障碍。基于"信息差"的客观性,强调"虚假信息"中言论本身的恶性;回溯公共场所的社会功能,承认网络空间的公共性亦能消除其中的技术障碍。

The file＂ The Explanation of Several Issues on Applying the Law to Deal with the Cases of Using Information Network to Carry out the Slander and Other Criminal Cases＂ brought the false statements on the network in the regulation field of defiance and affray and caused heated disputes. Particularly, sense of trust on the offence of defiance and affray, the understanding on the principle of a pre- scribed punishment for a specified crime in the network epoch and the difference on the cognition about the freedom of speech formed the conceptual obstacles in identifying the offence of defiance and affray. In the course of using the explanation, there are great disa- greements on the understanding of＂ false information＂ and＂ public places＂. In fact, the clarity of the offence of defiance and affray, the self-redemption of the principle of a prescribed punishment for a specified crime in internet epoch and the persistence in the relative freedom of speech can contribute to removing the conceptual obstacle in applying the explanation. Emphasizing the malignancy of state- ment itself in the false information based on the objectivity of the information difference,backdating the social function of public places and admitting the public character of public places can also eliminate the technical obstacle in it.