“势者,意中之神理也”——王夫之“势”论新解

“The Momentum:Magical Truth of Intention”——On Wang Fu-chi's“Momentum”

"势"是王夫之诗学理论中一个很重要的范畴,也是学界在探讨其诗学理论时分歧较大的一个范畴。而"势"总是与"意"联系在一起,"意"有诗人之意,有作品之意。"势"是在某种时候表现出来的必然,与"时"不可分开,"势因乎时"。"势"也可以分为外在客观事物之势,作品之势。"势"的特点是变化多端,不主故常,称之为"神理"。当进行创作时,作者从流变的客观事物中选取最能表现其真实情意的一部分(或一点)作为其"意"的载体;创作完成后,在作品中形成一种运动的态势,让读者在欣赏后能产生无穷的意味。这就是王夫之关于"意"、"势"的观点。

“Momentum” is a very important category in the theory of Wang Fu-chi＇s poetics. There is wide divergence when it comes to investigating his poetics. The “momentum” is always associated with “intention”. “Intention” have the meaning of the poet and the works .The “momentum” is inevitable and can not be separated from “chance”. There are “momentum” in external things and “momentum” in works. “Momentum” is changing regardless of custom, so it is called “Magical Truth”. In creation, the author will choose what can show the true feelings in the changing world. It forms a kind of movement of momentum after the completion of the works, and the reader can understand the infinitive meaning of the work. This is Wang Fu-chi＇s viewpoint of “intention” and “momentum”.