广东从化无规定马属动物疫病区野鸟和蚊子分布及其西尼罗病毒感染情况调查

Investigation on Distribution of Wild Birds and Mosquitoes and West Nile Virus Infection Status in the Specific Equine Disease-free Zone of Conghua,Guangdong Province

[目的 ]了解广东从化无规定马属动物疫病区野鸟和蚊子的种类、数量和分布等情况及其西尼罗病毒感染的情况。[方法 ]对鸟类在沿途设网抓捕取样;蚊虫采用紫外灯诱捕和网捕进行样品采集,随后利用荧光定量RT-PCR方法对西尼罗病毒进行检测。[结果 ]2012—2013年该地区共捕获鸟类110种381只,隶属于12目37科76属;共捕获蚊虫5种,共计3048只,其中淡色库蚊占50.66%、三带喙库蚊占32.12%、褐尾库蚊占12.99%、中华按蚊占3.61%和白纹伊蚊0.62%;对381份鸟泄殖腔棉拭子和3048份蚊子样品进行了西尼罗病毒的检测,结果均为阴性。[结论 ]虽然本次调查未发现鸟类及蚊子感染西尼罗病毒,但本地区存在西尼罗病毒引入以及在本地区传播的条件,存在西尼罗病毒病发生风险。因此,为继续维持广东从化无规定马属动物疫病区的无疫状态,有必要对媒介鸟类及蚊虫开展长期的调查和监测。

Objective To investigate the species,number and distribution of wild birds and mosquitoes and West Nile virus（WNV）the specific equine disease-free zone of Conghua,Guangdong.Method The birds were captured on the migration routes with nets,and mosquitoes by Ultraviolet light trapping and nets.The samples were detected with real-time RT-PCR assay for West Nile virus.Result All the 381 birds of 110 species and 3048 mosquitoes of 5 species collected were negative for West Nile virus.Conclusion No WNV-positive birds and mosquitoes were detected in the survey.There were amount of potential vectors of WNV found in the zone.To maintain the disease-free status of the specifi c equine disease-free zone of Conghua,further work was needed to monitor the bird and mosquito activities for long time.