拉美国家“中等收入陷阱”新诠释与再思考——基于“劳动-分工-所有制”框架的分析

New Interpretation and Rethinking of Middle-income Trap in Latin American Countries

如何跨越"中等收入陷阱"是发展中国家面临的新的发展问题,在对"生产力-生产方式-生产关系"进行具象化处理的基础上,通过"劳动-分工-所有制"分析框架,为拉美国家跌入"中等收入陷阱"提供了一个新诠释。分析结论表明:拉美国家快速私有化、盲目城市化、被动开放化,导致社会分工畸形化发展,收入分配差距由此拉大,这严重抑制了本国消费需求,损害了本土企业进行自主创新的市场基础,进而使其对外资产生更为严重的依赖,所有制结构也进一步恶化。中国在跨越"中等收入陷阱"的过程中,应更为谨慎地对待所有制结构调整,采取积极有效的方式,防止社会分工畸形化发展。

How to escape from the middle-income trap is a new development problem for developingcountries. On the basis of the figurative process of 'productivity-production mode-production relations', through a 'labor-division-ownership' analytical frame work, this paper provides a new interpretation for why Latin American countries fell into the middle-income trap. The conclusion indicates: the rapid privatization, blind urbanization and passive opening-up in Latin American countries result in the abnormal development of social labor division, which widens incom edistribution gaps. This severely inhibits domestic consumption, undermines the market-based innovation of local enterprises, and thus leads to greater dependence on foreign investment and further worsens ownership structure. In the course of China avoiding the middle-income trap, weshould be more careful about the ownership structure adjustment, adopt more active and efficient measures to prevent the abnormal development of social labor division.