小麦成熟胚再生体系优化及优良受体基因型筛选

Optimizing the Regeneration System from Mature Embryo and Screening of Elite Wheat Genotypes

为了筛选出高再生能力的基因型,对成熟胚接种前处理、取胚方式和诱导培养基成分进行了优化,并利用优化的再生体系对196个黄淮麦区的小麦品种(系)进行了筛选。结果表明,接种前4℃浸种15h结合切割取胚是成熟胚的最佳诱导前预处理组合,Mg诱导培养基更利于成熟胚植株再生。筛选出分化率高于21.29%的优良基因型10个,其中小麦品种郑麦366及小麦新品系D白C23、Z50和56-10-7的分化率(分别为31.58%、36.78%、34.72%和29.38%)显著高于对照品种Bobwhite(23.98%),而洛阳8716、陕农N82(2)、阎麦8911、西农928、宁春23和临远207的分化率与Bobwhite无显著差异。所获得的高再生能力的小麦品种(系)可用于下一步的小麦成熟胚遗传转化研究。

To improve the culture characteristic and screen wheat genotypes with high regeneration rate from mature embryo,the optimal pretreatment combination of callus formation and ingredient of induction medium were selected.In general,soaking seeds in 4℃for 15hand collecting embryos by cutting was proved to be the best combination for callus induction and plant differentiation.Substituting the organic ingredients of Mg induction medium with its counterpart of B5medium could achieve higher induction and regeneration rate.With the optimized regeneration system,10materials,which can be applied in further genetic modification and breed improvement,were screened from 196cultivars and superior lines.The differentiation rates of the screened materials exceeded 21.29%,with DbaiC23（31.58%）,Z50（36.78%）,Zhengmai366（34.72%）and 56-10-7（29.38%）performing significantly better than the control cultivar Bobwhite（23.98%）,and the other 6genotypes achieved statistically the same index as Bobwhite.The obtained genotypes can be used in further wheat genetic modification.