小麦-华山新麦草易位系24-6的鉴定

Identification of a Translocation Line 24-6 from Offsprings between Wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica

为给小麦-华山新麦草远缘杂交育种提供材料和理论基础,对普通小麦与华山新麦草杂交后代中选育出的材料24-6进行了形态学观察、细胞学检测和原位杂交(GISH)分析。结果表明:(1)通过根尖细胞学鉴定,该材料染色体数为42条,2n=42;(2)以华山新麦草Ns基因组DNA为探针,普通小麦7182基因组DNA为封阻,根尖与花粉母细胞原位杂交(GISH)显示该材料携带有2条可以配对的华山新麦草染色体臂,确定24-6为稳定的小麦-华山新麦草易位系;(3)田间观察发现24-6植株紧凑,叶色深绿,籽粒白色、呈半角质,比其母本(普通小麦7182)株高略有降低,穗长、小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、分蘖数都有所增加。

Morphological observation,cytological detection and genomic in situ hybridization（GISH） analysis were carried out on a translocation line 24-6from the offsprings between Wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanicain the present paper.The results showed that：（1）This material had 42chromosomes（2n = 42）as cytology identification of root tip cells;（2）Using the genomic DNA of Psathy rostachyshuashanica Ns as a probe,and the genome DNA of common wheat 7182as blocking,GISH analysis with root tips and pollen mother cells identified two Psathyrostachys huashanica chromosomes which paired with each other in this line;（3）The field observation found that the line 24-6had dark green leaf color,white grain（half horniness）,slightly shorter plant height than the female parent.The spike length,spikelet number,grain number per spike,and tiller number were all increased.Consequentially,24-6is a stable wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica translocation line, which could be exploited as an intermediate material in wheat genetic and breeding programs.