大麦驯化的主要性状及其相关基因

Domestication Traits and Their Related Genes in Barley(Hordeum vulgare L)

大麦(Hordeum vulgare L)是位于小麦、水稻和玉米之后的世界第四大主要作物。从野生物种转变为栽培种的驯化过程中,大麦的许多性状发生了改变。大量研究发现,这些驯化过程中变化的主要性状,都是相关基因突变导致功能丧失的结果,而且已克隆的驯化基因多数为转录因子。本文对非脆穗轴、六棱穗和裸颖果等大麦驯化的主要性状及其相关基因的研究进展进行了综述,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Barley（Hordeum vulgare L.）is one of the oldest crops used by ancient farmers and as the fourth most important cereal crop in the world after wheat,rice,and maize.During the process of its domestication,which converted wild barley and unpromising wild species to the most important food for humans,barley has gradually accumulated traits that facilitated agricultural production.Identification of domestication genes revealed that most of the drastic changes during domestication were the result of functional impairments in transcription factor genes.In this paper,the recent progress made in the barley domestication traits and their related genes were reviewed.