机场轮椅数量调度最优模型仿真分析

Simulation Analysis of Optimization Model for Number of Airport Wheelchair Scheduling

由于大部分机场存在轮椅数量调度不及时、责任区面积过大、选择较为随意等问题,导致机场轮椅数量调度存在繁忙期和布局规范的局限。传统方法调度机场轮椅数量、要求配置的轮椅数量是固定的,以同时段固定需求为导向进行调度。无法及时应对机场轮椅需求的随机性和复杂性的变化。提出应用随机过程理论的机场轮椅数量调度模型,依据随机过程原理,从宏观角度将机场轮椅调度系统看成一个随机系统,获取机场轮椅数量调度系统中空闲轮椅数量期望值模型,通过有限状态持续时间马尔可夫过程,将应急轮椅空闲当成一个"生"的过程,旅客行李运输服务当成一个"灭"的过程,采用随机系统理论中的"生灭"过程进行分析,获取在一定的事件需求下,系统中空闲轮椅的数量,实现机场轮椅数量准确调度。仿真以某机场轮椅数量调度为例,说明所提出的模型可在宏观上合理确定机场轮椅的数量合理调度,改进方法的调度效率和精度都高于传统方法。

Because the number scheduling of airport wheelchairs is not in time, the area of responsibility is too large, and the selection is more casual in most airports, leading to the limitations of the number of airport wheelchair scheduling in busy period and layout specification. Traditional method for scheduling the number of airport wheelchair requires fixed number of wheelchair which is needed to configure, and uses fixed demand as orientation to make scheduling at the same time. It is unable to cope with the random and complex changes of the airport wheelchair demand timely. In this paper, the number of airport wheelchair scheduling,model is proposed based on the theory of stochastic process. According to the theory of stochastic process, from macroscopic angle, the airport wheelchair scheduling system is regarded as a stochastic system to obtain the expected value model of the number of free wheelchairs in the number of airport wheelchair scheduling system. Through Markov process on finite state and persistent time, the free of the emergency wheelchair is taken to be the ＂birth＂ process, and luggage transportation service is the ＂death＂ process. This ＂birth-and-death＂ process of the theory of stochastic systems is used as the analysis method to get the number of the free wheelchair in the system in certain circumstance demand, thereby to realize the precise number of airport wheelchair scheduling. The number of wheelchair scheduling of one airport is exampled for simulation to illustrate that the proposed model can reasonably determine the number of airport wheelchair and make reasonable scheduling, and the efficiency and accuracy of improved method is higher than the traditional method.