船舶多出口房间疏散问题研究

Research on Multiple Exits Evacuate Based on Game Theory and Social Force

为了提高船舶人员疏散效率,针对船舶火灾情况下多出口房间的人员疏散,提出了结合博弈论和社会力模型的疏散优化模型。模型考虑了人员之间的相互作用、人员到出口的距离和出口大小对人员选择出口的影响,用博弈理论得出多出口条件下人员个体的最优决策路线,并对社会力模型中人员动力学进行修正,作为新模型中人员运动的动力学基础。用新模型对多出口无障碍房间进行人员疏散仿真,结果显示,上述模型可以仿真出人员在多出口房间中对出口的优化选择,并能改善基础社会力模型中存在的不足。仿真结果表明,上述模型能有效缩短人员逃离房间的时间,并能模拟多出口条件下人员疏散的场景,为规划和管理多出口房间的疏散提供参考。

To improve the efficiency of evacuation and enhance the authenticity of evacuation simulation, this paper proposed a multi-outlet evacuation model combined of the game theory and the social force model for the evacuation of a multiple exits room in emergency. In consideration of the impact of evacuee＂ interaction, the distance to the exit and the size of the exit, every evacuee makes a best decision using the game theory. The simulation of personnel movement was based on the corrected dynamics of the social forces. The evacuation of accessible room with multioutlet was realized with the new model. The results of simulation show that the model can simulate the personnel optimization of export selection in a multiple exits room and improve the shortcomings of basic social force model. The simulation results indicate that the model enables evacuees to ran out of the room effectively and quickly, and can well reconstruction the evacuation scenario under multi-exit conditions, which will offer some reference for the evacuation planning and management for the multi-outlet room.