以俗为戏:论李渔小说中婚俗叙事的价值取向

Making Custom as Entertaining:An Analysis of the Value Orientation of LI Yu's Fictions' Marriage Narration

"以俗为戏"是李渔小说婚俗叙事的基本价值取向。李渔继承了晚明士人中流行的享乐之风和晚明思想中的怀疑精神,这种风气、精神和李渔个性的结合体现在文学创作上便是"自娱娱人"与追求"新奇"小说观念的形成。"以俗为戏"是这种小说观念的鲜明体现。"以俗为戏"的价值取向在小说叙事中主要表现在形象设置、情节构织和叙述语言的戏谑化等方面。"以俗为戏"这一叙事价值取向表达了士子对僵化婚姻礼俗的某种置疑,瓦解了话本小说婚俗叙事的教化倾向,赋予婚俗一种崭新的叙事形象和价值;但也不免陷入媚俗的境地,稀释了这一题材应有的批判价值。

＂Making custom as entertaining＂ is the basic value orientation of LI Yu＇s marriage-customs narration. The prevailing custom of enjoyment among intellectuals and the spirits of suspicion in the late Ming Dynasty deeply influenced LI, which working together with LI＇s personality forms the concept of＂amusing oneself and others＂ and ＂pursuing novelty＂. LI＇s value orientation ＂making custom as entertaining＂ distinctly reflects this concept. In narration, it reflects in several aspects： image setting, plot construction, jocosity of narrative language and so on. It expresses scholars＇ doubt about the rigid marriage customs, disrupts the moralization tendency of vernacular story about marriage-customs narration. While it endows marriage-customs with novel narrative image and value, it inevitably becomes kitsch, weakens its critical value which this kind of theme should have.