汉语阅读障碍儿童的听觉注意转换延迟缺损

Auditory Attention Shift Deficits in Chinese Dyslexic Children

目的：考察汉语阅读障碍儿童的听觉注意转换特征。方法：从小学三、四、五年级共446名学生中筛选出听写障碍组29名,同时选择年龄、智力水平、阅读水平相当的对照组儿童29名。采用经典的注意瞬脱任务,以快速呈现的朗读的阿拉伯数字（0-9）的声音刺激流为实验材料,比较两组儿童在T1T2不同时间间隔下,对T2判断正确率的表现。结果：1汉语阅读障碍儿童对快速呈现序列中的目标刺激加工不存在落后;2双任务中正确识别目标刺激T1后,阅读障碍儿童对T2识别的正确率显著差于正常组被试;3正常儿童成功完成注意转换的时长约650ms,而阅读障碍儿童注意转换时长超过800ms。结论：汉语阅读障碍儿童存在听觉注意转换延迟缺损。

Objective： To explore Chinese dyslexia children＇s auditory attention shift characteristics. Methods： From446 children at a primary school, 29 children were diagnosed as having spelling difficulties, who took part in the experiment, along with 29 age-, intelligence level-, and reading level-matched normal controls. An attention blink（AB） task with different lags was used in this experiment to measure the attention shift capacity. The AB refers to a decrease in accuracy that occurs when participants are required to detect the second of two rapidly sequential targets displayed randomly in a stream of distracters, auditory stimuli were used in the form of spoken digits（0-9） and presented as a rapid serial auditory presentation（RSAP） stream. Results： Compared to the control group, （1）Dyslexia children did not show a general RSVP deficit; （2）After T1 was correctly identified, the accuracy on detecting T2 was significantly lower in dyslexia group. Finally, the attention dwell time of the control group was 650 ms, while that of the dyslexia group was over 800 ms. Conclusion： Chinese dyslexic children exhibited sluggish attentional shifting deficits.