我国专利行政执法发展路径的制度思考

Reform of Administrative Enforcement System on China's Patent Law

作为专利权保护的重要手段,进一步完善专利行政执法已经成为专利制度未来发展的重要方向,同时也是继续强化专利保护的制度创新要求。通过对专利行政执法内涵在政策语境和国际实践中的再理解,明确我国专利行政执法所具有的制度内涵。从我国专利行政执法制度发展的四个阶段,系统梳理了我国专利行政执法制度现状与变迁,从中归纳出我国专利行政执法制度发展所面临的执法主体身份复杂、缺乏必要行政执法手段、执法效力缺乏强制性、缺乏恶意侵权查处等制度困境。结合我国专利行政执法的实践,以现有的制度框架和工作机制为基础,重点从明晰专利行政执法主体设置、健全专利行政执法活动的制度保障、完善专利行政执法程序提升透明度等方面,提出了完善我国专利行政执法制度的若干政策建议。

As an important part of patent system, administrative enforcement has been an increasingly critical is sue in patent law reform. This paper reconsiders the institutional meaning of administrative enforcement in China＇ s public policy and administration context, and then studies on the evolution of administrative enforce ment in third successive revision of China＇ s patent law. Some findings from the study suggest that currently patent law and its regulation might actually impede the operations of administrative enforcement. In order to re solve the problem, this paper finally puts forward the suggestions on patent law reform, in perspectives of local agency status, executive measures, and efficiency of enforcement.