盐酸纳洛酮与盐酸纳美芬用于急性酒精中毒催醒的疗效比较

Comparison of Therapeutic Efficacy of Naloxone Hydrochloride and Nalmefene Hydrochloride in the Treatment of Acute Alcoholism Wake

目的：比较盐酸纳洛酮与盐酸纳美芬用于急性酒精中毒催醒的临床疗效和安全性。方法：124例急性酒精中毒患者随机均分为对照组和观察组。两组患者均给予常规治疗。在此基础上,对照组昏睡者给予盐酸纳洛酮0.4 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液20 ml中静脉推注,浅昏迷者给予盐酸纳洛酮0.8 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液20 ml中静脉推注,所有患者再给予盐酸纳洛酮20μg/kg（剂量范围1.2-2.0 mg）加入5%葡萄糖注射液200 ml中静脉滴注;观察组患者给予盐酸纳美芬0.1 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液25 ml中静脉推注后,浅昏迷者给予盐酸纳美芬0.2 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液200 ml中静脉滴注,昏睡者给予盐酸纳美芬0.1mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液200 ml中静脉滴注。两组患者均治疗3 h后评价疗效,观察清醒时间、症状消失时间、用药剂量、平均住院时间、治疗费用及不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组患者总有效率显著高于对照组,清醒时间、症状消失时间、用药剂量、平均住院时间、主治药费、总费用、不良反应发生率均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：盐酸纳美芬用于急性酒精中毒催醒较盐酸纳洛酮疗效更显著,且治疗费用较低,安全性较好。

OBJECTIVE：To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of naloxone hydrochloride and nalmefene hydrochloride in the treatment of acute alcoholism wake. METHODS：124 cases of acute alcoholism were randomly divided into control group and observation group. 2 groups were given routine treatment. Control group additionally received intravenous dripping of Naloxone hydrochloride 20 μg/kg（1.2-2.0 mg）added into 5% Glucose injection 200 ml after lethargic patients received Naloxone hydrochloride0.4 mg added into 5% Glucose injection 20 ml intravenously;light carotic patients received Naloxone hydrochloride 0.8 mg added into 5% Glucose injection 20 ml intravenously. Observation group was given nalmefene hydrochloride 0.1 mg added into 5% Glucose injection 25 ml intravenously;and then carotic patients received nalmefene hydrochloride 0.2 mg added into 5% Glucose injection 200 ml intravenously and lethargic patients received nalmefene hydrochloride 0.1 mg added into 5% Glucose injection 200 ml intravenously. Therapeutic efficacy of 2 groups was evaluated 3h after treatment. The clinical efficacy,wake-up time,symptoms disappearance time,drug dosage,average hospitalization time,treatment cost and the occurrence of ADR were observed in 2 groups.RESULTS：The total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group;the awake time,symptoms disappearance time,drug dosage,the average length of stay,drug cost,medical cost and the incidence of ADR in observation group were significantly lower than in control group;there was statistical significance（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：Nalmefene hydrochloride is more effective and safer for acute alcoholism,and costs less.