抗血管生成因子与子痫前期发病关系的研究进展

Progress in research of anti-angiogenesis factor and preeclampsia

子痫前期是妊娠期特有的疾病，我国发病率为9.4%-10.4%，国外为7%-12%。该病严重影响母婴健康，是孕产妇和围生儿病率及病死率的主要原因，其病因和发病机制至今尚未完全阐明。近年来有研究表明，子痫前期患者血液中抗血管生成因子水平明显升高，这提示胎盘产生的抗血管生成因子以及催化产生这些因子的蛋白酶与子痫前期的发展密切相关。抗血管生成因子包括可溶性酪氨酸激酶-1，可溶性内皮糖蛋白等，有研究表明蛋白脱落作用可产生抗血管生成因子，而催化蛋白脱落作用的蛋白酶主要有解整合素样金属蛋白酶家族和金属基质蛋白酶家族。

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific diseases, that occurs in 9.4%-10.4%of pregnant women in China and 7%-12% in foreign country. The disease seriously affects the health of mother and infant, which is the main cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The etiology and pathogenesis are still not completely elucidated. In recent years, studies have shown that serum anti-angiogenic factor levels significantly increased in patients with preeclampsia. This suggests that the anti-angiogenic factors produced by placenta and catalytic protease which pro-duces anti-angiogenic factors are closely related to preeclampsia. Anti-angiogenic factors consist of soluble tyrosine kinase-1 （SFlt-1） and soluble endoglin （SENG）. Studies have shown that anti angiogenic factor can be produced by protein shedding effect; proteinases which catalyzeprotein shedding effect contain a disintegrin andmetalloproteinase family and matrix metalloproteinases.