儿童重型毛细支气管炎相关危险因素分析

Correlated risk factors of severe bronchiolitis

目的 探讨儿童重型毛细支气管炎的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析209例毛细支气管炎患儿的临床资料,根据临床病情分为重型毛细支气管炎（27例）和普通型毛细支气管炎（182例）两组,采用单因素分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析探讨重型毛细支气管炎的相关危险因素.结果 单因素分析提示年龄（f =3.455;P=0.001）、被动吸烟（x2=6.119;P=0.013）、早产（x2=17.124;P =0.000）、肥胖（x2=5.673;P=0.017）、特应体质（x2=5.736;P =0.017）、先天性心脏病（x2=20.694;P=0.000）6个变量因素影响毛细支气管炎的临床严重程度;经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析表明年龄（OR 0.742;95％ CI0.601～0.917）、被动吸烟（OR3.300;95％ CI1.060 ～ 10.276）、早产（OR5.265;95％ CI 1.565～ 17.705）、先天性心脏病（OR 13.634;95％ CI3.015～ 61.663）是重型毛细支气管炎的危险因素.结论 年龄小、被动吸烟、早产、特应体质及先天性心脏病是重型毛细支气管炎的危险因素.

Objective To explore the correlated risk factors of infants with severe bronchiolitis.Methods Two hundred and nine bronchiolitis children were enrolled in this study.According to the severity of the disease,children were divided into common group （n =182） and severe group （n =27）,and then monofactorial analysis and non-conditional logistic analysis were performed to evaluate the risk factors in children with severe bronchiolitis.Results Monofactorial analysis showed that six variables were found on the occurrence of severe bronchiolitis with statistical significance including age （t =3.455 ; P =0.001）,passive smoking （x2 =6.119 ; P =0.013）,prematurity （x2 =17.124 ; P =0.000）,obesity （x2 =5.673 ; P =0.017）,allergic constitution （x2 =5.736 ; P =0.017）,and congenital heart disease （x2 =20.694; P =0.000）.Non-conditional logistic analysis showed that frequent occurrence of young age （OR 0.742 ; 95 ％ CI 0.601 ～ 0.917）,passive smoking （OR 3.300 ;95 ％ CI 1.060 ～ 10.276）,prematurity （OR 5.265 ;95 ％ CI 1.565 ～ 17.705） and congenital heart disease（OR 13.634 ;95％ CI 3.015 ～ 61.663）were the risk factors in children with severe bronchiolitis.Conclusion The factors that contribute to increase risk of severe bronchiolitis are young age,passive smoking,prematurity,allergic constitution and congenital heart disease.