胞质DNA受体及其对干扰素调控作用研究进展

The update about cytosolic DNA-associated receptors and its regulation on type Ⅰ interferon

机体对入侵抗原的识别是启动固有免疫的关键步骤.当哺乳动物细胞受到微生物病原体感染后,细胞即通过表达多种胞质DNA受体来识别感染信号并激活多种信号转导通路.有效的免疫反应通常需要通过各亚细胞结构中的多种受体对抗原依次检测.近年来,国内外学者接连发现了STING、cGAS、DDX41、IFI16、LRRFIP1、DNA-PK、MRE11、DAI和AIM2等众多胞质DNA受体,并对其诱导干扰素产生的过程进行了研究.这将对更全面的认识固有免疫应答产生重要意义.

Recognizing the presence of invading pathogens is the key to mounting an effective innate immune response.Mammalian cells express different classes of cytosolic DNA-associated receptor that monitors the host cells for signs of infection and activate several conserved signaling pathways.DNA is immunogenic and many cells express cytosolic DNA-associated receptors that activate the stimulator of interferon genes （STING） adaptor to trigger interferon type Ⅰ （IFN-β） release,a potent immune activator.An efficient immune response often requires the sequential detection of a pathogen buy different receptors in different subcellular compartments.Many receptors were found in recent years,which include STING,cGAS,DDX41,IFI16,LRRFIP1,DNA-PK,MRE11,DAI,AIM2 and so on.It will shed further light on innate immune response.