市售烤鱼片中河鲀毒素检测及鲀毒鱼鱼种的鉴定

Study on tetrodotoxin detection and toxic puffer fish identification of roasted fish fillet at the retail in Beijing and Qingdao

目的检测北京和青岛市售烤鱼片样品中的河纯毒素（TTX），并对TTX阳性样品的鱼种进行鉴定。方法用ELISA方法检测烤鱼片样品中的河鲍毒素，并提取TTX阳性样品的线粒体基因组DNA，利用DNA条形码的线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（C01）基因对鱼种进行鉴定，构建分子进化树进行聚类分析。结果在所检测的90份样品中，TTX阳性者58份（64％），含量范围O．10～63．81mg／kg。阳性样品中，有24份（41．3％）被鉴定出含有纯毒鱼，且21份（87．5％）样品为剧毒的月尾兔头纯。结论北京和青岛市售部分烤鱼片中TTX阳性并检出含有纯毒鱼，建议生产厂家严把原料关，防止纯毒鱼混入，监管部门应加强对市售烤鱼片标签标识的监管。

Objective The roasted fish fillet sample at the retail collected in Beijing and Qingdao were detected for TTX, and the TTX positive samples was analyzed for fish species identification. Methods TTX was tested by ELISA method and the cytochrome c oxidase I（COI） genome of TTX-positive samples was extracted and identified by DNA barcode. Results Totally, 90 samples were tested by ELISA and 58 （64.4%）samples were positive for TTX with the levels ranging from 0. 10 mg/kg to 63.81 mg/kg. Among the TTX positive samples, 24（41.3% ）were identified containing toxic puffer fish and 21 （87.5%） were Lagocephalus lunaris, the highly toxic puffer fish. Conclusion Some roasted fish fillet samples obtained from the retail in two cities were positive for TTX and contained toxic puffer fish. Based on these results, we suggest that roasted fish fillet producers should prevent toxic puffer fish from mixing in the raw material and the regulators should strengthen the TTX surveillance and product labeling supervision of roasted fish fillet.