2013年广东省潮州市流行性感冒流行特征分析

Analysis of influenza epidemiological characteristics in Chaozhou,Guangdong province,2013

目的：了解广东省潮州市2013年度流行性感冒流行特征及病毒流行株构成。方法采集监测哨点医院疑似流感样患者咽拭子标本，采用实时荧光 PCR（real-time RT-PCR）检测病毒核酸。结果全市流感检测哨点医院共采集标本830份，流感病毒核酸阳性为53份，阳性率为6.39％；其中新甲型 H1N1流感占49.06％（26／53）、乙型流感病毒占28.30％（15／53）、季节性流感病毒 H3亚型占22.64％（12／53），未分离到季节性流感病毒H1。4月和12月为年度病毒检测高峰。病毒感染率以5-14岁组（14.12％）最高，与其它组比较存在统计学差异（P 〈0.05）。结论2013年度潮州市流感病毒优势株为新型甲型H1N1，全年有2个流行高峰，在4月和12月，主要发病人群为学龄前儿童和小学生。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza and the composition of epidemic strains in Chaozhou, Guangdong province, 2013. Methods Throat swabs were collected from influenza-like patients in influenza-monitoring hospitals and real-time RT-PCR was used to detect influenza viruses in these samples. Results 53 strains of influenza viruses were detected from the 830 throat swabs （6.39%）, including 26 strains of novel influenza A （H1N1） viruses （49.06%, 26/53）, 15 strains of B influenza virus （28.30%, 15/53） and 12 strains of H3 subtype influenza virus （22.64%, 12/53）. None of H1 subtype influenza virus was isolated from these samples. The annual peaks of virus detection were in April and December. The highest virus prevalence （14.12%） was observed in 5 - 14 years old group and statistical difference was found between it and other groups （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The predominant influenza virus detected in Chaozhou in 2013 was H1N1 virus. Two prevalent peaks of influenza viruses were in April and December and the infections mainly occurred among pre-school children and pupils.