染整加工中的电荷效应与分子组装(一)

Charge effect and molecular assembly in textile wet processing(Ⅰ)

介绍了超分子化学,特别是分子组装的理念,以及其在染整加工中的应用;介绍了纤维的表面电荷和染整加工的电荷效应,分析了电荷效应在染整加工中的重要性及对染料和各种化学试剂分子组装的影响,包括对染料、颜料与纤维结合的速度、均匀性和结合牢度的影响,以及对各种化学试剂与纤维及相互间作用的影响。提出了科学控制电荷效应进行分子组装的一些途径,包括合理设计和控制染整加工工艺,合理设计、制造和选用染料及化学试剂等。

The concept of supramolecular chemistry, especially the molecular assembly and its applica- tion in dyeing and finishing process is introduced. The surface charge of fiber and charge effect in dye- ing process are presented. The importance of charge effect and its effect on the assembly of dyes and various chemical molecules are analyzed. The effect of charge effect on binding rate, uniformity, binding strength between dyes or pigments and fiber, and reactions between various chemicals and fiber as well as their interactions are analyzed. Finally, measures of molecular assembly by controlling charge ef- fect are analyzed, including the rational design and control of dyeing and finishing process,and the rea- sonable design,manufacture and selection of dyes and chemicals.