雾霾模拟方法及其装置研究

Simulation Method and Testing Apparatus of Fog-haze

雾霾条件下输变电设备外绝缘特性及配置原则的研究逐渐受到重视,但目前开展得并不深入。为了模拟雾霾试验条件,采用有机玻璃制作了直径1 m高2 m的圆柱形封闭式试验装置。配合试验装置,使用燃烧法产生的微粒与超声波加湿器产生的盐雾模拟雾霾成分,使用激光粉尘仪、气溶胶粒径谱仪、温湿度计、电导率仪等设备监测试验区域的颗粒物浓度、粒径分布、温湿度等参数指标,并提出了模拟雾霾环境的方法与雾霾条件下的试验方法。试验中,通过控制加湿时间、燃烧量和雾水溶质质量来改变相对湿度、雾霾体积质量和雾电导率,模拟出了相对湿度范围在80%-90%、雾霾体积质量范围在200-600μg/m3、雾电导率范围在1000-3000μS/cm及气溶胶粒径分布集中于0.25-2μm的多种雾霾环境。试验结果表明,使用该试验装置能产生各种程度、条件可控的雾霾试验环境,可用于探究雾霾对输变电设备外绝缘的影响规律。

The external insulation of transmission and distribution equipment in a fog-haze condition needs further study. In order to simulate the fog-haze condition, we prepared a cylindrical testing apparatus with the diameter of 1 m and the height of 2 m using polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA）, with which the burning particle and the salt mist were used as the ingredient of fog-haze while the laser dust monitor, aerosol spectrometer, temperature and humidity sensor, and conductivity meter were used to measure the parameters of particulate matter concentration, particle size distribution, temperature, relative humidity and so on. Then, we proposed a method to simulate the fog-haze condition and a method of test in the fog-haze condition. The fog-haze condition with the particulate matter concentration of 200-600 μg/m3, the mainly particle size of 0.25-2 μm, the fog conductivity of 1000-3000 μS/cm, and the relative humidity of 80%-90% was successfully simulated. The results show that all kinds of fog-haze conditions can be simulated in the proposed testing apparatus, which can be used for studying influences of fog-haze on external insulation of transmission and distribution equipments.