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1Steffen Weber and Andreas Raspotnik, "Trade Routes in the High North - The Arctic Shortcut between Europe and Asia" ,30th ,A- pril 2012. available at: http://eu - arctic - forum, org/publications/ opinions - publications/trade - routes - in - the - high - north - the - arctic - shortcut - between - europe - and - asia - by - steffen - weber - and - andreas - raspotnik - european - parliament - magazine - 30th - april - 2012/.
2http://nsidc, org/areticseaicenews/2012/O9/aretic - sea - ice - extent - sett|es - at - record - seasonal - minimum/.
3http://barentsobserver, com/en/arctic/2012/ll/46 - ves- sels - through - northern - sea - route - 23 - 11.
4Malte Humpert, Andreas Raspotnik, "The Future of Arctic Shipping along the Transpo- lar Sea Route", in: Lassi Heininen, Heather Exner - Pirot, Jo:l P1- ouffe. ( eds. ), Arctic Yearbook 2012, 2012.
6Andreas Raspotnik and Bettina Rudloff, The EU as a Ship- ping Actor in the Arctic Characteristics, Interests and Perspectives, SWP Working Papers, December 2012.
7Willy 0streng, " Shipping and Resources in the Arctic O- cean: A Hemispheric Perspective", in: Lassi Heininen, Heather Ex- ner- Pirot, Jo:l Plouffe. ( eds. ), Arctic Yearbook 2012, 2012. P. 256.
8Available at : http ://www. arcticyearbook, corn/images/Articles_ 2012/Oestering. pdf.
9Stephen Jay, Sue Kidd, Lynne McGowan, David Shaw et al., European Seas and Territorial Development Opportunities and R/sks, Applied Research 2013/1/15, Interim Report I Version 01/09/ 2011, p. 7, available at : http ://www. espon, eu/export/sites/default/ Documents/Projects/ AppliedResearch/ESaTDOR/ESTaDOR - Inter- im_report_diselaimer, pdf.
10UNCTAD, Review of Maritime Transport2011, 2012, p. 43.