死亡与虚无图景中的悲怆呐喊——《人的一生》的表现主义解读

A Sorrowful Cry in The View of Death and Nihility——Expressionist Approach to People's Life

《人的一生》是安德列耶夫哲理戏剧的代表作。剧作以强烈的叙述性倾向形成对强调行动摹仿的亚里士多德式戏剧传统的反叛。叙述性因素具体体现在片段式场景以及叙述人的设置上,它们是戏剧心灵转向的形式基础。同时,戏剧运用隐喻、对比、变形、荒诞等艺术手法使现实抽象化,以便最大限度地突显其主观性,而这种情感效果的创造是为了揭示人类存在的悲剧本质。所有这些都与表现主义的艺术追求相吻合。因此,从表现主义视域解读《人的一生》将有助于理解安德列耶夫的悲观主义思想。

People＇ s Life is the masterpiece of Leonid Andreev＇ s philosophical dramas. The play rebels against Aristotle＇ s traditional drama emphasizing action imitation with intensive narrative tendency. The narrative factors are embodied in the setting of fragmented scenes and narrators, they are the formal basis that drama turns to the soul. At the same time, the play abstracts reality with metaphor, contrast, distortion, absurd and other artistic skills in order to maximize its subjectivity. A the creation of emotional effect is to reveal the pessimistic nature of human existence. All of these are matching at expressionistic artistic pursuit. Thus, the interpretation of People＇ s Life from the perspective of expressionism will help to further understand Andreev＇ s thorough pessimism.