Mater-Bi和PBS可生物降解膜降解特征及对加工番茄的影响

Mater-Bi and PBS Biodegradable Membrane Degradation Characteristics and Influence on Processing Tomato

以Mater-Bi可生物降解地膜和自制PBS完全生物降解膜为试材,通过覆膜和填埋试验探讨2种可生物降解膜在加工番茄农田中的降解特征和应用效果,以实现生物降解地膜替代普通膜解决新疆农田残膜污染问题。结果表明：Mater-Bi膜降解诱导期为45d左右,PBS诱导期为30d,在农田填埋90d后,Mater-Bi的重量降解率为96.3%,PBS膜降解率为44.45%,二者在土壤中的生物降解性好;2种降解膜局部降解后,膜下0-25cm各土层的地温均小于普通膜,以Mater-Bi黑色降解膜温度最低;2种降解膜提高了加工番茄的成熟度和单株果数,但单果重和产量降低,Mater-Bi膜处理产量降低2.16%,PBS膜处理减产7.08%,如果配套适宜的栽培措施并延长降解诱导期,生物降解地膜的应用效果会更好。

Using Mater-Bi which is biodegradable film and PBS film which is completely biodegradable film as test materials,effect of landfill and film mulching test on the degradation characteristics and application in processing tomato farmland were discussed,in order to realize the biodegradable film instead of the ordinary film to solve the problem of Xinjiang agricultural plastic film pollution.The results showed that,the Mater-Bi membrane degradation of the induction period was about 45 days,the PBS induction period was 30 days,after 90 days landfilled in the fields,degradation rate weight of Mater-Bi was 96.3%,PBS membrane degradation rate was 44.45%,both had good biodegradability in soil;After partial degradation of two kinds degradable film,the temperature of the 0-25 cm soil layer was less than ordinary film,Mater-Bi black degradable film temperature was the lowest;two kinds of degradable film enhanced the maturity and fruit number per plant of the processing tomato,but the single fruit weight and yield decreased,yield reduced by 2.16%of Mater-Bi membrane treatment,PBS treatment decreased by 7.08%,if matching the suitable cultivation measures and prolonging the degradation of the induction period,application effect of biodegradable mulch film would be better.