插层蒙脱土去除铜绿微囊藻的研究

Study on the removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by intercalated montmorillonite

采用离子交换法制备了烷基糖苷季铵盐插层蒙脱土(简称插层蒙脱土)材料,采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热/热重联用热分析(DSC/TG)仪和X射线衍射(XRD)仪对其进行表征,并使用插层蒙脱土去除水中铜绿微囊藻,最后通过对藻絮体形态的表征分析了插层蒙脱土的除藻机制。XRD测试结果表明,烷基糖苷季铵盐可以插入蒙脱土的层间,使蒙脱土001晶面的层间距增大;DSC/TG测试结果表明,当烷基糖苷季铵盐用量为一倍蒙脱土离子交换容量时,其插入到蒙脱土的量为13.07%(质量分数);当铜绿微囊藻为2.81×108个/L,插层蒙脱土投加量为0.040g/L,藻液初始pH为8时,叶绿素a和浊度的去除率分别可以达到93.02%和90.1%;插层蒙脱土可以通过网捕絮凝作用去除铜绿微囊藻,当它与藻细胞接触时,其层间插入的烷基糖苷季铵盐可以缓慢释放,抑制絮体中藻细胞的活性,并且不会发生藻絮体反漂现象。

The alkyl glucoside quaternary ammonium intercalated montmorillonite was prepared by ion exchange method,and the obtained intercalated montmorillonite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry（FT-IR）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）and differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetry（DSC-TG）respectively.The intercalated montmorillonite was applied to remove Microcystis aeruginosain aquatic environment,the algae removal mechanism was investigated by analyzing the morphological of algae flocs.XRD spectrums indicated that alkyl glucoside quaternary ammonium could be intercalated in interlamination of montmorillonite and enlarge the interlamellar spacing of 001.DSC-TG test showed that the intercalated content of cationic alkyl glucoside quaternary ammonium was 13.07%（wt%）under trial conditions.Alkyl glucoside quaternary ammonium intercalated montmorillonite can remove Microcystis aeruginosa effectively.When the initial concentration of Microcystis aeruginosa was 2.81×108cell/L,the dosage of intercalated montmorillonite was 0.040g/L and the pH was 8,the removal rate of chlorophyll a and turbidity reached 93.02% and 90.1% respectively.The algae removal by intercalated montmorillonite was achieved by absorption and nets gathering.Alkyl glucoside quaternary ammonium in interlamination of montmorillonite could release slowly and inhibit the activity of algae in the flocs for long time,which prevent the re-suspension of algae flocs.