连作芋艿套作对土壤养分及酶活性的影响

Effects of intercropping on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in continuous taro cropping fields

针对芋艿连作障碍造成土壤环境破坏的问题,进行玉米、毛豆与芋艿套作的田间试验,通过对土壤养分、土壤酶活以及芋艿产量、品质的分析,探讨套作减缓芋艿连作障碍的可行性。试验共设置4个处理:连作芋艿、非连作芋艿、套作玉米和套作毛豆。结果表明:(1)套作可以均衡连作土壤的养分含量,套作处理平均可以比连作提升速效氮9.88%、速效钾58.21%、有机质70.36%,降低速效磷64.08%。(2)套作可以提升连作土壤酶活性,套作处理平均可以比连作提高过氧化氢酶活性23.75%、脲酶活性38.15%、蔗糖酶活性129.60%。(3)在套作土壤中,过氧化氢酶活性与速效磷、速效钾显著正相关,脲酶活性与pH、速效氮显著正相关,蔗糖酶活性与有机质、速效氮显著正相关,套作使连作土壤酶活性的影响因子向非连作土壤转化。

Aiming at the soil environment damage caused by continuous taro cropping obstacles,long-term field trials of taro intercropping with corn,soybean were carried out to investigate the feasibility of intercropping on alleviating taro continuous cropping obstacles.Four treatments of continuous cropping taro,non-continuous cropping taro,taro intercropping with corn and taro intercropping with soybean were designed in field trials,the soil nutrient,soil enzyme activity,taro yield and taro quality of four treatments was analyzed.The results of experiments suggested：（1）intercropping could equilibrium the nutrient content of taro continuous cropping soil,the available nitrogen,available potassium and organic matter content in average had been increased by 9.88%,58.21%and 70.36%,respectively,and available phosphorus had been reduced by 64.08%.（2）Soil catalase activity,urease activity and sucrase activity of two intercropping treatments had been increased by 23.75%,38.15% and 129.60%,respectively.（3）In intercropping treatments soil,catalase activity was significantly and positively correlated with available phosphorus and available potassium,urease activity was positive correlated with soil pH and available nitrogen,and sucrase activity was positive correlated with organic matter and available nitrogen.The influential factors of soil enzyme activity under intercropping treatments had been converted from continuously cropping soil to non continuous cropping soil.