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妊娠期糖尿病诊断进展及面临的挑战 被引量:7

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摘要 妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)是指在妊娠阶段首次发生或发现的任何程度的糖耐量异常,但不包括孕前有糖尿病的患者妊娠。GDM的主要危害是围产期母婴临床结局不良风险增加,包括母亲自然流产、妊娠高血压、先兆子痫、产后发展为2型糖尿病,胎儿宫内发育异常、胎儿宫内发育窘迫、新生儿畸形、巨大儿(增加母婴在分娩时发生并发症与创伤的危险)以及新生儿低血糖和高胰岛素血症等。其次,GDM对后代远期也有影响,GDM患者的后代容易发生肥胖;妊娠期血糖控制水平不良,明显影响后代智力及神经发育。不同国家、地域妊娠期孕妇血糖升高的程度及其对胎儿影响有差异,因而GDM的诊断标准也一直存在争议。目前在实施新诊断标准的过程中,存在一些新问题,如何应对是产科医师面临的新挑战。
作者 周莉 范玲
出处 《北京医学》 CAS 2014年第11期895-898,共4页 Beijing Medical Journal
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