紫苏叶挥发油及紫苏醛、柠檬烯对小鼠生长性能、血液指标及粪便菌群的影响

Effects of perilla frutescens leaf volatile oil,perillaldehyde and limonene on growth performance,blood parameters and fecal bacteria flora in mice

为研究紫苏叶挥发油及其主要成分紫苏醛和柠檬烯对小鼠生长性能、血液生化指标和粪中大肠杆菌、乳酸菌数量的影响,本试验选用60只小鼠,按体重随机分为4组,每组15只。对照组灌胃0.2%的Tween-80,3个试验组分别添加0.03 m L/kg挥发油、8.54 mg/kg紫苏醛和4.53 mg/kg柠檬烯,按250μL/只剂量连续灌胃21 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,挥发油组灌胃2周后,小鼠平均日增重(ADG)和日采食量(ADFI)升高了49.2%和44.3%(P<0.01);灌胃3周后血液尿素氮含量降低27.1%(P<0.05)。紫苏醛组灌胃1周后,ADG提高39.6%(P<0.05);3周后血液葡萄糖含量升高51.4%(P<0.05)。柠檬烯组仅在灌胃1周时ADFI和料重比(F/G)降低了38.6%和51.5%(P<0.05)。试验期内,挥发油组小鼠粪便大肠杆菌数每周分别显著降低了4.83%、8.35%和12.7%(P<0.05),乳酸菌数量各处理间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of Perillafrutescens leaf volatile oil and its main con- tents （perillaldehyde and limonene）on growth performance,blood biochemical index and the polulation ofEscherichia coli and lactic acid bacteria in mice.Sixty mice were randomly divided into 4 （n=15 for each）groups according to weight.Mice were orally infused to stomach with control（0.2% Tween-80）,volatile oil（0.03 mL/kg）,perillaldehyde （8.54 mg/kg）and limonene （4.53 mg/kg） of 250 μL dose once daily for 21 days.The results showed that compared with the control group, the average daily gain （ADG） and average daily feed intake （ADFI） were increased by 49.2% and 44.3% after 2-week infusion （P 〈 0.01 ）and urea-nitrogen of blood was reduced by 27.1% after 3-week infusion in volatile group（P 〈 0.05） ; ADG increased by 39.6% after 1 week （P 〈 0.05） and blood glucose concentration increased by 51.4% after 3 weeks （P 〈 0.05 ） in perillaldehyde group ,respectively.ADFI and feed/gain （F/G） were decreased by 38.6% and 51.5% after 1 week （P 〈 0.05） in limonene group.During the experiment period,the number of Escherichia coli in feces was extremely decreased （P 〈 0.05 ） in volatile oil group 4.83%, 8.35% and 12.7% for each week.No significant difference was observed in lactic acid bacteria number among 4 groups（P 〉 0.05 ）.