2010—2012年江苏某市铬接触作业环境铬浓度与工人鼻检查异常调查

Chromium Concentrations at Workplaces and Abnormal Nasal Findings in Workers Exposed to Chromium in a City of Jiangsu Province, 2010-2012

[目的]了解江苏省张家港市镀铬企业生产环境状况和铬接触作业工人鼻黏膜损伤情况,提出监督管理措施。[方法]通过抽样调查和对调查对象的工作场所空气中铬浓度检测、作业人员职业健康检查,比较、分析接触条件下的损害有无剂量-效应关系。[结果]在车间环境铬检测浓度符合国家职业卫生标准,甚至低于检测限(0.01 mg/m3)的情况下,仍然有部分镀铬操作工人发生鼻部病变,鼻检查异常率为13.11%。[结论]现有铬及其化合物的采样、检测、评价标准已经不能完全匹配当前保护操作工人的健康需求,有必要对现有标准进行探讨研究。

[ Objective ] To evaluate the working environment and the prevalence of nasal mucosa injuries among workers in chromium manufacturers of Zhangjiagang City in Jiangsu Province with an attempt to put forward suggestions for environmental supervision and management. [ Methods ] A sampling survey was conducted on the chromium concentrations in workplace air samples and the occupational health status of workers to determine whether there was a dose-effect relationship between chromium exposure level and workers＇ impaired health. [ Results ] The chromium concentrations in workplace air samples met the requirement of relevant national limits for occupational health and were even less than the detection limits （0.01 mg/m3） of applied apparatus. However, abnormal nasal findings were detected in 13.11% of the workers who were engaged in chromium plating, indicating nasal lesions. [ Conclusion ] Current standards regarding the sampling, detection, and assessment of chromium and its compounds are inadequate to protect workers＇ health, so it is necessary to discuss the possibility of revising the current standards