糖尿病患者自我效能与自觉健康控制的相关性研究

Research on the correlation between self-efficacy and perceived health control in patients with diabetes

目的：探讨糖尿病患者自我效能与自觉健康控制的关系，旨在促使糖尿病患者健康意识及自我效能的提高。方法选取2011年10月-2013年10月收治的108例糖尿病患者作为研究对象，对患者的一般资料以及自我效能、自觉健康控制等方面进行调查分析。结果患者的健康行为自我效能的总得分为（61．76±8．39）分，条目平均分（2．37±0．93）分，总得分以及各维度得分多数居于中等水平；在糖尿病患者自觉健康控制评分中，外部权威人士控制的得分为（25．47±5．39）分，得分相对较高；外部命运控制的得分为（20．13±5．82）分，位居第二；内部控制的得分为（19．92±7．14）分，相对最低；糖尿病患者的健康行为自我效能与患者的内部控制以及外部权威人士控制呈正相关（ r值分别为0．517，0．262；P＜0．05），与外部命运控制呈负相关（r＝-0．378，P＜0．05）。结论在护理工作中，应当加强健康教育以及心理干预，对糖尿病患者的健康行为进行有效的引导和科学的指导，促使患者相信健康取决于内部控制以及外部权威人士的控制，提高健康行为自我效能，养成良好的生活习惯，提高临床治疗效果。

Objective To investigate the correlation between self-efficacy and perceived health control in patients with diabetes , in order to promote health awareness and patients ’ self-efficacy.Methods From October 2011 to October 2013 , totals of 108 diabetic patients were selected as research subjects .The general information about the patient ’ s self-efficacy, perceived health control and other aspects were investigated and analyzed.Results The total score of patient’s health behavior self-efficacy was （61.76 ±8.39） and the average of each item was （2.37 ±0.93）, which was as the medium level.In the score of diabetics control, the score of external authoritative control was （25.47 ±5.39）, which was relatively high.The score of external control of the fate was （20.13 ±5.82）, which was at the second place.The score of internal control was （19.92 ±7.14）, which was the lowest.Through Pearson linear correlation analysis , the self-efficacy of health behavior was positively related to the internal controls and external authoritative performance （ r=0.517, 0.262, respectively;P〈0.05）, and negatively related to the external control of fate （ r =-0.378, P 〈0.05 ）. Conclusions In nursing care , health education and psychological intervention on health behavior of patients should be strengthened through effective guidance and scientific guidance .The believes of patients on promoting health depends on internal control and external control authorities , so as to improve health behavior self-efficacy, develop good habits ,and improve clinical outcomes .