甲硝唑及双氢青蒿素对阴道毛滴虫抗虫效果观察

The Effects of Metronidazole and Dihydroartemisinin on Trichomonas Vaginalis in vitro

目的：测定阴道毛滴虫十堰分离株对甲硝唑的敏感性,并观察双氢青蒿素对甲硝唑低敏感株的抗虫效果。方法：自2009年至2011年,从湖北医药学院附属太和医院妇科门诊收集25株阴道毛滴虫临床分离株,体外纯化培养传代,测定292.1、182.6、146.1、91.3、45.6、22.8、11.4、5.7μmol/L甲硝唑浓度下4、8、12、24 h时间点滴虫死亡率,获取各虫株24h最低致死量（Minimum lethal concentration,MLC）。对24 h MLC大于22.8μmol/L的虫株进行抗虫实验,测定5.3、3.5和1.8 mmol/L双氢青蒿素浓度下4、8、12、24 h时间点滴虫死亡率,获取24h MLC。结果：25株滴虫中,24株对甲硝唑较敏感,24h MLC为11.4-22.8μmol/L,1株滴虫为22.8-45.6μmol/L。在22.8和45.6μmol/L浓度作用下,该株滴虫24 h死亡率无差异（P〉0.05）;该株滴虫在3.5和5.3 mmol/L双氢青蒿素浓度作用下,4、8、12 h死亡率有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,24 h MLC约为3.5-5.3 mmol/L。结论：阴道毛滴虫十堰分离株对甲硝唑总体较敏感,但存在个别虫株敏感性下降,双氢青蒿素对甲硝唑低敏感株抗虫效果较好,体外有效杀虫浓度为3.5-5.3 mmol/L。

Objective To analyze the sensitivity of trichomonas vaginalis strains isolated in Shiyan district to metronidazole,to study the effect of Dihydroartemisinin（ DHA） on low sensitive strains of metronidazole in vitro. Methods From 2009 to2011,total 25 strains of trichomonas vaginalis were isolated from gynecological clinic service in Taihe hospital,and then cultured and purified in vitro. All the strains was administrated by metronidazole with concentrations of 292. 1,182. 6,146. 1,91. 3,45. 6,22. 8,11. 4,5. 7 μmol / L,and then the death rate of strains were determined at 4,8,12,24 h,respectively. The minimum lethal concentration（ MLC） in all 25 strains were analyzed in the given time. If the MLC of the strain in 24 h was much more than 22. 8 μmol / L,the death rate of the strain should be determined after treatment with DHA under the concentrations of 5. 3,3. 5,1. 8 mmol / L at 4,8,12,24 h,respectively. Results In addition to one strain,the other 24 strains were sensitive to metronidazole and MLC in 24 h were 11. 4 to 22. 8 μmol / L,however the MLC of the only non-sensitive strain was 22. 8 to 45. 6 μmol / L in 24 h. The death rate of the non-sensitive strain had no significant difference after treatment with 22. 8 or 45. 6 μmol / L of metronidazole for 24 h（ P〉 0. 05）. When administrating with 3. 5 and 5. 3 mmol / L of DHA for 4,8,12 h,the death rates in the non-sensitive strain were all significant difference in the given time（ P 〈0. 05）,and 24 h MLC was 3. 5 to 5. 3 mmol / L. Conclusion Trichomonas vaginalis strains isolated from Shiyan district were mostly sensitive to metronidazole,but individual strain was low sensitive to metronidazole. DHA has obvious effect on low sensitive strain and its MLC was 3. 5 to 5. 3 mmol / L.