民族药山栀茶的生药学鉴别研究

Pharmacognostic Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Pittospori

[目的]研究光叶海桐、狭叶海桐、海金子的生药学特征。[方法]采用药材性状和显微鉴定的方法对光叶海桐、狭叶海桐及海金子进行对比研究。[结果]山栀茶3个种在显微鉴别上存在相同点及明显差别。在组织鉴别上,光叶海桐主要含草酸钙簇晶,木纤维单个或数个相聚;狭叶海桐皮层含石细胞,木栓层与皮层分离不完全,偶见草酸钙方晶;海金子不含草酸钙簇晶,草酸钙方晶易见,呈单个散在,木质部与韧皮部相间排列。在粉末鉴别上,光叶海桐粉末木栓组织细胞较薄,木纤维呈梭形、较短,可见破碎的油室及黄色挥发油;狭叶海桐粉末可见螺纹与少数孔纹导管并列存在,木纤维较长,挥发油颜色为淡黄色;海金子粉末中偶见梯纹导管,木栓细胞排列较厚、颜色较深,挥发油颜色较深,并可见少量石细胞。[结论]该研究为山栀茶药材的鉴别和质量评价方法提供参考。

[Objective] To study pharmacognosy characteristics of Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.,Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.var.neriifolium Rehd.et Wils.and Pittosporum illicioides Mak.[Method] The morphological and microscopic were preformed to analyze and differentiate 3 kinds of traditional chinese medicine in Pittosporum.[Result] There is the same point and the differences in microscopic identification.On tissue identification,Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.mainly contains calcium oxalate crystals; Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.var.neriifolium Rehd.et Wils.contains stone cell in cortex; Pittosporum illicioides Mak.mainly contains calcium oxalate solitary crystal.On powder identification,cork tissue cells of Pittosporum glabratum Lind1.powder are thinner,wood fiber is short and spindel; There are thread and few pitted vessel in Pittosporum glabratum Lindl.var.neriifolium Rehd.et Wils.powder,wood fiber is longer,the color of volatile oil is light yellow; There are few scalariform vessel and stone cell in Pittosporum illicioides Mak.powder,the color of volatile oil is darker.[Conclusion] The studyian provide reference for identification and quality evaluation method of Pittosporum glabratum.