2013年北疆垦区不同棉区棉花产量波动的气候因素对比分析

Analysis on Climatic Factors of Cotton Yield Fluctuation in Northern Xinjiang Reclamation Area in 2013

2013年北疆垦区棉花的产量和品质出现下滑,明显不如2012年。通过对宜棉区、次宜棉区棉花各生育阶段的气象条件分析及气候指标判断得出,宜棉区是低温阴雨寡照造成棉花一般延迟性冷害;次宜棉区是各生育阶段热量条件持续不足和夏季严重冷害造成棉花严重的延迟性冷害,加之两地区初霜冻均明显偏早,造成了棉花气候减产。建议今后应根据不同年份的气候波动调整品种结构和品种布局,确保棉花持续健康发展。

The yield and qualty of cotton in reclamation area of northern Xinjiang declined in 2013,significantly worse than the previous year.Through analysis of meteorological conditions in each growth period of cotton in appropriate area and climate index judgement,it can be concluded that in appropriate cotton area,low temperature,rain and less sunshine caused general delayed chilling injury; in less appropriate cotton area,continuing lack of heat in each growth period and serious chilling injury in summer caused severe delayed chilling injury,and at the first frost of two areas were significantly biased early,causing the reduction of cotton climatic yield.It was suggested that cotton variety structure and layout should be adjusted according to climate fluctuation in different years,so as to guarantee cotton sustainable development.