粤北某矿下游河流底泥重金属形态分析

Speciation Analysis of Heavy Metals of River Sediments in Downstream of Sulfide Mine,North Guangdong

对粤北某矿下游河流河水及底泥中重金属Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn进行分析研究,采用Tessier和BCR顺序提取法对底泥进行形态分析,通过单因子污染评价法和地累积指数法进行污染评估,探讨底泥中4种重金属的污染情况及潜在危害。结果表明,研究区河水和底泥均存在不同程度的Cu、Fe、Zn污染,两种提取法显示底泥中重金属均以残渣态为主,Cu和Zn存在较为严重的潜在危害,Mn总量不高,而其存在较高生物有效性。BCR提取法各形态分布更为均匀,能更好反映出元素的形态分布特征,较适合该地区底泥中重金属的形态分析。

The concentration of heavy metals Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn of river water and sediments samples were analyzed from the downstream of Northern Guangdong mine,the speciation distribution of heavy metals of sediments were revealed by Tessier and BCR sequential extraction method,degree of pollution river water and sediments were evaluated by the single factor pollution index and geo-accumulation index,the pollution degree and potential harm of four heavy metals of sediments were investigated.The results showed that there are different levels of Cu,Fe,Zn pollution of the river water and sediments in study area,the residual speciation of heavy metals of sediments is main speciation by Tessier and BCR sequential extraction method,potential hazards of Cu and Zn is more serious,the total content of Mn is low and its bioavailability is high.The speciation distribution of heavy metals of sediments is more uniform extracted by BCR method which can reflect the elements distribution characteristics and more suitable for the speciation analysis of heavy metals of sediments in study area.