试析马克思和恩格斯的地缘政治思想

An Analysis of Marx and Engels' s Geopolitical Thought

马克思和恩格斯虽未对地缘政治理论做出过系统的论述,也从来没有提出"地缘政治"的概念,但这并不意味着地缘政治思想不包含在他们的思想体系之中。毋庸置疑,在他们为后人留下的大量经典著作中不乏丰富的关于地缘政治的论述。本文尝试从三个大的方面对马克思恩格斯的地缘政治思想进行总结:对地缘政治格局的判断、对海陆关系的剖析、对国家地缘政治生长规律的探究。探究马克思和恩格斯的这些思想,对于地缘政治学和马克思主义理论研究的开展都具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

Marx and Engels didn't make a systematic exposition about geopolitical theory, and never proposed the concept of 'geopolitics', but it does not mean that there was not geopolitical thought in their theory system. In fact, there are a large number of geopolitical discussions in their works. It had great theoretical and practical significance to research geopolitics and Marx's theory by study these thoughts of Marx and Engels. This paper will focus on three major aspects: the judgement of geopolitical pattern, the analysis of relationship between land power and sea power, and the inquiry on the growth law of national geopolitics.