我国农民工劳动合约签订率低的原因分析——基于劳动力市场分割和产业分割的分析框架

An Analysis on the Causes of Low Labor Contracting Rate of Migrant Workers in China——The Analytical Framework Based on Labor Market Segmentation and Industry Segmentation

劳动合约签订是劳动保护的重要形式,但我国农民工劳动合约签订率却只是在2008年《劳动合同法》实施后有暂时较大幅度的上扬,此后随时间推移却几近停滞。文章以劳动力市场分割和产业分割框架为基础,构建了不同劳动力市场特征和产业组织特征组合的四象限分析框架,探讨了不同象限中劳动合约的运行机制,并结合我国边缘产业和农民工现状,就劳动合约签订问题建立了一个简单的博弈模型。分析得出,在边缘产业与次级劳动力市场的组合下,农民工劳动合约签订存在着"组织失灵"、"市场失灵"和"政府失灵"三重困境,这是我国农民工劳动合同签约率停滞不前的主要原因。文章最后提出了相应的结论和政策建议。

The labor contracting is an important approach to protect labors,but the contracting rate of migrant workers inChina had just a temporary rise after the implementation of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Employment Con-tracts in the year of 2008,since then it has been almost stagnant with the lapse of time. Based on the labor market segmen-tation theory and industry segmentation theory, we construct a four-quadrant analytical framework including two dimen-sions： labor market and industrial organization,and analyze the operating mechanism of labor contracting in each quadrant.Combining with the analysis of the current situation of periphery industry and migrant workers in China,we also build asimplified game model of labor contracting,and then we hold that the three straits of “organization failure”,“market fail-ure” and “government failure” in labor contracting of migrant workers under the combination of periphery industry andsecondary labor market are the primary reasons for the standstill contracting rate of migrant workers. Finally,we put for-ward some corresponding conclusions and policy recommendations.